czar

czar
czar 1550s, from Rus. tsar, from Old Slavic tsesari, from Gothic kaisar, from Gk. kaisar, from L. CAESAR (Cf. Caesar). First adopted by Russian emperor Ivan IV, 1547.
The spelling with cz- is against the usage of all Slavonic languages; the word was so spelt by Herberstein, Rerum Moscovit. Commentarii, 1549, the chief early source of knowledge as to Russia in Western Europe, whence it passed into the Western Languages generally; in some of these it is now old-fashioned; the usual Ger. form is now zar; French adopted tsar during the 19th c. This also became frequent in English towards the end of that century, having been adopted by the Times newspaper as the most suitable English spelling. [OED]
The Germanic form of the word also is the source of Finnish keisari, Estonian keisar. The transferred sense of "person with dictatorial powers" is first recorded 1866, Amer.Eng., initially in reference to President Andrew Johnson. The fem. czarina is 1717, from It. czarina, from Ger. Zarin, fem. of Zar "czar." The Russian fem. form is tsaritsa. His son is tsarevitch, his daughter is tsarevna.

Etymology dictionary. 2014.

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  • czar — czar …   Dictionnaire des rimes

  • czar — czar; czar·das; czar·dom; czar·e·vitch; czar·ish; czar·ism; czar·ist; czar·is·tic; …   English syllables

  • czar — I {{/stl 13}}{{stl 8}}rz. mnż I, D. u, Mc. czarze, zwykle w lm {{/stl 8}}{{stl 7}} zjawisko niewytłumaczalne, zadziwiające, przypisywane działaniu sił nadprzyrodzonych, także według dawnych pogańskich wierzeń obrzędy, zaklęcia itp. mające takie… …   Langenscheidt Polski wyjaśnień

  • CZAR — in Ruthenico idiomate, Regem: Czarstuo vero Regnum fignisicat: et hôc nomine Moscovitae Principem suum Regem totius Russiae appellant. Ceteri autem Sclavones, utpote Poloni, Bohemi, Lithuani aliique, qui ab idiomate Ruthenico recedunt, aliô… …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • czar — → tsar czar n. m. V. tsar. csar ou czar [ksaʀ] n. m. ⇒ Tsar. czar [tzaʀ], czarevitch [tsaʀevitʃ] …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • czar — (z[ a]r), n. [Russ. tsare, fr. L. Caesar C[ae]sar; cf. OPol. czar, Pol. car. ] A king; a chief; the title of the emperor of Russia. [Written also {tsar} and {tzar}.] [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Czar — Czar, seit der Mitte des 16. Jahrhunderts der Titel der Beherrscher von Rußland, den jedoch Peter der Große mit dem eines Kaisers vertauschte. Die Benennung rührt nach einer allgemein verbreiteten Annahme von dem lateinischen Worte Cäsar, aus dem …   Damen Conversations Lexikon

  • czar — [za: US za:r] n [Date: 1500 1600; : Russian; Origin: tsar , from Gothic kaisar emperor , from Greek, from Latin Caesar, from Julius Caesar; CESAREAN] 1.) another spelling of ↑tsar 2.) banking/drug/health etc czar …   Dictionary of contemporary English

  • czar — s. m. Título do soberano russo (no tempo do império). = TSAR   ‣ Etimologia: francês czar, do russo tsar …   Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa

  • czar — [zär] n. [Russ tsar , contr. of tsesar < OSlav cēsarĭ; prob. via Goth kaisar < L Caesar: see CAESAR2 (Gaius) Julius] 1. an emperor: title of any of the former emperors of Russia and, at various times, the sovereigns of other Slavic nations… …   English World dictionary

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