legal+pledge
11Pledge of Allegiance — For other uses, see Pledge of Allegiance (disambiguation). One Nation Under God redirects here. For the album, see One Nation Under God (album). Official versions (changes in bold italics) 1892 I pledge allegiance to my flag and the republic for… …
12PLEDGE — The Concept In Jewish law, in addition to the personal right of action against the debtor, the creditor also has a right of lien on the latter s property. This lien automatically comes into being when the debt is created and is termed aḥarayut… …
13pledge — pledgeable, adj. pledger, n. pledgeless, adj. /plej/, n., v., pledged, pledging. n. 1. a solemn promise or agreement to do or refrain from doing something: a pledge of aid; a pledge not to wage war. 2. something delivered as security for the… …
14pledge — [[t]plɛdʒ[/t]] n. v. pledged, pledg•ing 1) a solemn promise or agreement to do or refrain from doing something: a pledge of aid[/ex] 2) something delivered as security for the payment of a debt or fulfillment of a promise 3) the state of being… …
15pledge — /plɛdʒ / (say plej) noun 1. a solemn promise of something, or to do or refrain from doing something: a pledge of aid. 2. a piece of personal property delivered as security for the payment of a debt or the discharge of some obligation, and liable… …
16LEGAL AND JUDICIAL SYSTEM — UNDER THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE (1876–1917) Judiciary Throughout the period from the promulgation of the Ottoman Constitution of 1876 until the present time there have been both secular and religious courts exercising jurisdiction in the territory of… …
17Legal institutions of Scotland in the High Middle Ages — Scottish legal institutions in the High Middle Ages are, for the purposes of this article, the informal and formal systems which governed and helped to manage Scottish society between the years 900 and 1288, a period roughly corresponding with… …
18Legal wager — In the Roman litigation system, while the Legis Actiones procedure was in force, during the early Republic, both parties had to lay down a wager at the preliminary hearing, probably to discourage frivolous litigation. It should be noted that, in… …
19pledge — A form of protection for a lender. There was a legal procedure in Israel governing loans. The lender might accept a piece of property pledged as guarantee for repayment, but if this was the warm cloak needed for the night, it was to be returned… …
20Criticism of the Pledge of Allegiance — The criticism of the Pledge of Allegiance of the United States exists on several grounds. Its use in public schools has been the most controversial, as critics contend that a government sanctioned endorsement of religion violates the… …
