-en

{{11}}-en (1) suffix forming verbs (e.g. darken, weaken), from adjectives or from nouns, from O.E. -nian, from P.Gmc. *-inojan (Cf. O.N. -na), from PIE adjectival suffix *-no-. Mostly active in M.E.

{{12}}-en (2) suffix added to nouns to produce adjectives meaning "made of, of the nature of" (e.g. golden, oaken), corresponding to L. -ine. Common in Old and Middle English, surviving words with it now are largely discarded in everyday use and the simple form of the noun serves as an adjective as well.