north

north
north O.E. norð "northern" (adj.), "northwards" (adv.), from P.Gmc. *nurtha- (Cf. O.N. norðr, O.S. north, O.Fris. north, M.Du. nort, Du. noord, Ger. nord), possibly ultimately from PIE *ner- "left," also "below," as north is to the left when one faces the rising sun (Cf. Skt. narakah "hell," Gk. enerthen "from beneath," Oscan-Umbrian nertrak "left"). The same notion underlies O.Ir. tuath "left; northern;" Arabic shamal "left hand; north." The usual word for "north" in the Romance languages ultimately is from English, Cf. O.Fr. north (Mod.Fr. nord), borrowed from O.E. norð; It., Sp. norte are borrowed from French.
As a noun, c.1200, from the adverb. North Pole attested from mid-15c. (earlier the Arctic pole, late 14c.). North American (n.) first used 1766, by Franklin; as an adjective, from 1770.

Etymology dictionary. 2014.

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