civil

civil
civil late 14c., "relating to civil law or life," from Fr. civil (13c.) and directly from L. civilis "relating to a citizen, relating to public life, befitting a citizen," hence "popular, affable, courteous;" alternative adjectival derivation of civis "townsman" (see CITY (Cf. city)). The sense of "polite" was in the Latin, from the courteous manners of citizens, as opposed to those of soldiers. But English did not pick up this nuance of the word until late 16c. "Courteous is thus more commonly said of superiors, civil of inferiors, since it implies or suggests the possibility of incivility or rudeness" [OED]. Civil case (as opposed to criminal) is recorded from 1610s. Civil liberty is from 1788.

Etymology dictionary. 2014.

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  • civil — civil …   Dictionnaire des rimes

  • civil — civil, ile [ sivil ] adj. et n. m. • 1290; lat. civilis, de civis → citoyen I ♦ 1 ♦ (XIVe) Relatif à l ensemble des citoyens. La vie, la société civile. Guerre civile, entre les citoyens d un même État (cf. Guerre intestine). ⇒ révolution. Vx Les …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • civil — civ·il / si vəl/ adj [Latin civilis, from civis citizen] 1: concerning, befitting, or applying to individual citizens or to citizens as a whole a civil duty see also civil right 2: marked by public order: peaceable in behavior …   Law dictionary

  • civil — (Del lat. civīlis). 1. adj. ciudadano (ǁ perteneciente a la ciudad o a los ciudadanos). 2. Sociable, urbano, atento. 3. Que no es militar ni eclesiástico o religioso. Aviación civil. [m6]Cementerio civil. 4. Der. Perteneciente o relativo a las… …   Diccionario de la lengua española

  • Civil — Civ il, a. [L. civilis, fr. civis citizen: cf. F. civil. See {City}.] 1. Pertaining to a city or state, or to a citizen in his relations to his fellow citizens or to the state; within the city or state. [1913 Webster] 2. Subject to government;… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • civil — civil, ile (si vil, vi l ; au pluriel l s ne se lie pas : des employés civils à tout le monde ; dites civil à.... cependant plusieurs prononcent cette s : ci vil z à....) adj. 1°   Qui concerne les citoyens. La vie, la société civile. Guerre… …   Dictionnaire de la Langue Française d'Émile Littré

  • civil — CIVÍL, Ă, civili, e, adj. Care priveşte pe cetăţenii unui stat (cu excepţia militarilor şi a reprezentanţilor bisericii) sau care aparţine, este specific acestor cetăţeni; care se referă la raporturile juridice ale cetăţenilor între ei (cu… …   Dicționar Român

  • civil — adjetivo 1. De la ciudad o de los ciudadanos, especialmente en oposición a lo oficial: sociedad civil, derechos civiles, obligaciones civiles. protección* civil. 2. Área: derecho De las relaciones entre personas privadas: contrato civil,… …   Diccionario Salamanca de la Lengua Española

  • Civil — y civilidad puede referirse a: Sociable Ciudadano Cívico Civismo Civilización Sociedad civil Organización civil u organización no gubernamental (ONG) Derecho civil Derechos civiles Ley civil o código civil Pleito civil Demanda civil Guardia civil …   Wikipedia Español

  • civil — CIVIL, ILE. adject. Qui regarde et qui concerne les Citoyens. La vie civile. La société civile. La guerre civile.Droit Civil, se prend pour La Jurisprudence Romaine, qu on appelle autrement Droit Ecrit. Cours de Droit Civil. Professeur en Droit… …   Dictionnaire de l'Académie Française 1798

  • civil — [siv′əl] adj. [OFr < L civilis < civis: see HOME] 1. of a citizen or citizens [civil rights] 2. of a community of citizens, their government, or their interrelations [civil service, civil war] 3. cultured; civilized 4. polite or courteous,… …   English World dictionary

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